The presentation approaches bilingual education in Spain in a comparative manner – focused on the Autonomous Community of Catalonia, Galicia, and the Basque Countr -, and in Latin America, considering the general evolution on the continent and some examples in selected countries. We start by positioning education in the political framework and language planning. Next, we will offer some general data about the minority languages and their juridic situation in Spain and Latin America. After outlining the sociolinguistic historical background, the development of bilingual education throughout the last decades will be addressed, also the achievements, problems, and challenges will be pointed out. The presentation will end with a small reflection on the role bilingual education plays in the conservation and revitalization of minorized languages.